PTE Write Essay Task Sample 181

You will have 20 minutes to plan, write and revise an essay about the topic below. Your response will be judged on how well you develop a position, organize your ideas, present supporting details, and control the elements of standard written English. You should write 200-300 words. 

Acid rain

Acid rain, a severe environmental issue, results from the deposition of acidic substances in the atmosphere. Primarily caused by human activities like burning fossil fuels and industrial emissions, acid rain poses detrimental effects on ecosystems, water bodies, and infrastructure.

When sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are released into the air from industrial processes and vehicle emissions, they react with atmospheric water vapor to form sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3). These acids can then be transported over long distances by wind before being deposited as acid rain.

The impact of acid rain is most pronounced in aquatic environments, where it can lead to the acidification of lakes and rivers. This harms aquatic life, particularly fish and amphibians, disrupting entire ecosystems. Acid rain also damages soil quality, affecting plant health and nutrient availability.

In addition to its ecological implications, acid rain corrodes buildings, monuments, and infrastructure, accelerating their deterioration. Forests are not immune either, as the acids leach essential nutrients from the soil, weakening trees and making them more susceptible to diseases and harsh weather conditions.

Efforts to mitigate acid rain involve reducing emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides through stricter environmental regulations and adopting cleaner technologies. International cooperation is essential, as acid rain often crosses national borders. By addressing the root causes of acid rain, society can contribute to the preservation of ecosystems and the protection of both natural and built environments.